Toothbrushing is the single most effective thing you can do at home to keep your cat’s teeth healthy. It sounds impossible to many cat owners, but with patience and the right approach, many cats learn to tolerate it. Here’s how to brush your cat’s teeth without getting scratched.
Quick Answer: Use a soft cat toothbrush or finger brush and cat toothpaste (never human toothpaste). Introduce brushing slowly over several weeks, starting with letting your cat lick the toothpaste, then touching the teeth, then brushing a few teeth at a time. Aim for daily brushing, or at least several times a week.
Why Brushing Matters
Most cats over 3 years old have some dental disease. Plaque forms within hours of a dental cleaning and hardens into tartar within days. Brushing removes plaque before it causes gum disease. See cat dental disease.
What You’ll Need
| Item | Notes |
|---|---|
| Cat toothbrush or finger brush | Soft bristles, small head |
| Cat toothpaste | Flavors like poultry or seafood; safe to swallow |
| Treats | For rewards |
| Towel | Optional, for gentle wrapping |
Never use human toothpaste. It can contain fluoride and other ingredients that aren’t safe for cats to swallow.
Step-by-Step Training Plan
Week 1: Toothpaste as a treat
- Let your cat lick a little cat toothpaste from your finger once a day.
- Praise and reward.
Week 2: Touching the mouth
- Gently lift your cat’s lip for a second or two.
- Touch the outside of the teeth and gums with your finger.
- Reward and stop while your cat is calm.
Week 3: Introduce the brush
- Let your cat lick toothpaste off the brush.
- Gently touch the brush to a few front teeth.
Week 4 and beyond: Brushing
- Choose a calm time, like after a meal or play session.
- Hold your cat comfortably, or sit beside your cat.
- Lift the lip and brush the outer surfaces of the teeth with small circles.
- Focus on the gumline, especially the back teeth (premolars and molars).
- Start with a few teeth and build up to about 30 seconds per side.
- Reward right away.
You don’t need to brush the inside surfaces. The tongue helps clean those.
Tips for Success
- Keep sessions short and positive. Stop before your cat struggles.
- Be consistent. Same time and place each day.
- Go slowly. Some cats take weeks or months to accept brushing.
- Use a towel wrap if needed, but avoid restraining too tightly.
- Watch for pain. If your cat flinches or bleeds, see your vet.
What If My Cat Won’t Allow Brushing?
| Alternative | Notes |
|---|---|
| Dental diets | Look for the VOHC (Veterinary Oral Health Council) seal |
| Dental treats | Some are VOHC-accepted |
| Water additives | Some help reduce plaque |
| Dental gels | Applied to gums |
| Professional cleanings | Needed regardless of home care |
None of these work as well as brushing, but they can help.
How Often to Brush
Daily brushing is ideal. Brushing at least 3 times a week still helps. Less often has limited benefit.
Signs of Dental Problems
Stop brushing and see your vet if you notice:
- Red, swollen or bleeding gums
- Bad breath
- Broken teeth
- Pink spots at the gumline (possible tooth resorption)
- Drooling or pawing at the mouth
Starting Young
Kittens adapt to brushing more easily. Start during kittenhood. See our kitten care checklist.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use a child’s toothbrush?
A very soft, small child’s toothbrush can work, but use cat toothpaste only.
Is it too late to start with an adult cat?
No. Many adult cats learn to accept brushing with patience.
Do I still need professional cleanings?
Yes. Brushing slows plaque buildup but can’t remove tartar or treat problems below the gumline.
What if my cat bites the brush?
That’s common at first. Try a finger brush or gauze wrapped around your finger.
Should I brush right after a dental cleaning?
Ask your vet. Usually you can start or resume once any sore gums have healed.
Can I use baking soda?
No. It’s not designed for cats and can upset the stomach.
How do I know if I’m brushing enough?
Your vet can check plaque and gum health at each visit and tell you how your routine is working.
What flavor toothpaste do cats like?
Many cats prefer poultry, seafood or malt flavors. Try a few to find your cat’s favorite.
Is it normal for gums to bleed a little?
Slight bleeding at first can happen with inflamed gums. Persistent bleeding needs a vet check.
How long should brushing take?
About 30 seconds per side is enough once your cat is comfortable.
This article is for general information only and isn’t a substitute for professional veterinary advice. If you’re worried about your pet’s health, contact your veterinarian or an emergency animal hospital.
